BIO 104 Handout: Objectives for Animal Diversity II

April 26, 1996

Read Chapter 29, pp 544-569 in Raven & Johnson; you might also want to review
Chapter 17, pp 323-341 and Chapter 25, pp 476-490 in Raven & Johnson (review
from BIO 103).

1. Be able to list the characteristics of the Phylum Cnidaria and give examples of
organisms which belong to this Phylum:
     A. radial symmetry (refer to Figure 29.8 (a), p 548 in Raven & Johnson)
     B. polyp and medusa stage (refer to Figure 29.5, p 546 and Figure 29.6, p 547
     in Raven & Johnson)
     C. diploblastic
     D. cnidocytes with nematocysts (refer to Figure 29.7, p 547 in Raven &
     Johnson)
     E. gastrovascular cavity
     F. nerve net
     G. external fertilization; planula larva

2. Be able to list the characteristics of the Phylum Platyhelminthes and give examples
of organisms which belong to this Phylum:
     A. bilateral symmetry
     B. sensory cells and primitive ganglia
     C. triploblastic
     D. acoelomate
     E. incomplete digestive tract
     F. excretory cells - flame cells
     G. free-living forms - Planaria
     H. parasitic - flukes & tapeworms
     I. hermaphroditic

3. Be able to list the characteristics of the Phylum Nematoda and give examples of
organisms which belong to this Phylum:
     A. bilateral symmetry
     B. triploblastic
     C. pseudocoelomate
     D. first group to have a complete digestive tract
     E. longitudinal muscles
     F. free-living aquatic forms and parasitic forms
     G. dioecious

4. Be able to list the characteristics of the Phylum Mollusca and give examples of
organisms which belong to this Phylum:
     A. bilateral symmetry
     B. triploblastic
     C. coelomate - first group to have a true coelom
     D. protostome (see Figure 29.13 (a), p 552 in Raven & Johnson)  
     E. complete digestive tract
     F. muscular foot used for locomotion
     G. cephalopods have arms and tentacles
     H. mantle cavity which houses respiratory structures -- gills in aquatic mollusks
     and a primitive lung in terrestrial snails
     I. well developed digestive, excretory (nephridia), and reproductive systems
     (trochophore larva)
     J. radula - scraping organ similar to a tongue; secondarily lost in bivalves 
     K. gastropods, bivalves, & cephalopods (refer to Figure 29.14, p 553 in Raven
     & Johnson)

4. Be able to list the characteristics of the Phylum Annelida and give examples of
organisms which belong to this Phylum:
     A. body divided into segments
     B. trochophore larva
     C. coelomate
     D. triploblastic
     E. protostome development
     F. characteristics
          1. segmented muscles and coelomic compartments
               a. longitudinal and circular muscles
               b. bristles (setae) assist in burrowing
          2. complete digestive tract and closed circulatory system
          3. paired nephridia in each segment for excretory system
          4. chainlike nervous system
          5. hermaphroditic
          6. dorsal blood vessel and ventral nerve cord
     G. leeches -- substance in salivary gland which is an anticoagulant - hirudin (first
     commercially available blood thinner); still used in the treatment of burns and
     the reattachment of body parts